Description

Aboriginal worldviews and epidemiological survey methodology: Overcoming incongruence

Amrita Roy

Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Abstract

Tension remains between Western and Aboriginal (Indigenous) approaches to knowledge, in part due to Western science’s historically positivist tradition. Epidemiological survey methodology emphasizes the concepts of validity and reliability in empirical measurement, which are rooted in positivism; accordingly, some have suggested that epidemiological survey research is incongruent with Aboriginal ontologies and epistemologies. Following an examination of this apparent incongruence and a discussion of its implications for Aboriginal health research, this paper will argue that the apparent incongruence need not signify incompatibility or inutility; rather, it marks the need for reframing of the research approach. Many Aboriginal scholars have argued that Aboriginal research must be research that ultimately brings benefit to Aboriginal communities. Methodologically-sound epidemiological survey research that is reframed to employ principles of cultural safety and social justice, and that is conducted in partnership with the community, can contribute meaningfully to promoting Aboriginal population health and healing.

Keywords: Aboriginal, Indigenous, Native American, paradigm, positivism, post-positivism, epidemiology, survey research, Indigenous methodologies, cultural safety